Anxiolytic and hypnotic agents.

A graduate school nurse has to prepare a presentation for a freshman class of nursing students on anxiolytic and hypnotic agents. The learning objectives include a review of the states that are affected by anxiolytic and hypnotic agents and key nursing considerations for patients receiving these medications. (Learning Objectives 1, 2, and 5)
a.What are the definitions of the states affected by anxiolytic or hypnotic agents?
b.What are the key nursing implementation considerations for a patient receiving a benzodiazepine?
c.What should the nurse teach the students about the indications for zaleplon (Sonata) and zolpidem (Ambien)?

Case Study, Chapter 23, Antiseizure Agents

A patient had a tonic–clonic seizure and has been started on a phenytoin medication. The patient tells the nurse he is very upset about not being able to drive and has several questions about epilepsy. (Learning Objectives 1, 2, and 5)

a.What should be included in the patient teaching about the classification of generalized seizures?

a.How does phenytoin work?

c.What are the key implementation and rationale considerations for this patient who is receiving medication to treat generalized seizures?

Case Study, Chapter 26, Narcotics, Narcotic Antagonists, and Antimigraine Agents

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A new graduate RN has been assigned to a medical–surgical unit. The new graduate RN is in the week of nursing orientation and is administering medications. The RN has to administer an antimigraine medication to an adult patient, a narcotic to an older adult in acute pain, and a narcotic antagonist to a third patient. (Learning Objectives 1, 2, 3, and 5)

a.What is the gate control theory of pain, and how does this block pain for a patient?

b.What are the key lifespan considerations for an older adult when administering narcotics?

c.What are the key nursing implementation considerations for a patient receiving a narcotic antagonist?

d.What are the key lifespan considerations for an adult when administering antimigraine medication?

Case Study, Chapter 30, Adrenergic Agonists

A patient is experiencing serious ventricular arrhythmias and shock following a heart transplant. The physician has ordered isoproterenol and dopamine to be administered to the patient. (Learning Objectives 2, 4, and 5)

a.What is the therapeutic action for isoproterenol?

b.What are the adverse effects of isoproterenol?

c.What is the therapeutic action for dopamine?

d.What are the adverse effects of dopamine?

e.What are the key nursing implementation considerations for patients receiving an adrenergic agent?